Antioxidant Activity of Isolated Protein Mixtures from Seeds of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum and Momordica charantia

Aim: The purpose of study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of primary metabolites such as proteins present in the seeds of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum and Momordica charantia.

Structure Design: In this work, we have used Protein precipitation method to isolate the protein of seeds of medicinal plants as well as the enzymatic and nonenzymatic biochemical assays has been determined to evaluate the antioxidant activity.

Place and Duration of Study: Study was done in Helix BioGenesis Pvt. Ltd., Noida, India, between December 2016 and April 2017.

Methodology: Proteins were isolated by proteins extraction buffer and purified by acetone precipitation method. Separations of proteins were done by SDS PAGE and by using molecular ladder of 250KDa have revealed molecular weight of the proteins of seeds of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum and Momordica charantia. Antioxidant activity was determined by quantifying the enzymatic biochemical assays i.e. Superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), Catalase activity (CAT) & Glutathione s transferase activity (GST) and nonenzymatic biochemical assay i.e. Lipid peroxidation (MDA Content).

Results: It was observed that CAT activity found to be maximum in the 2.268mg/ml of concentration of proteins of seeds of Ocimum sanctum, i.e. 26.06±0.04 µmoles of H2O2 oxidized consumed/min/ mg of proteins and GST activity found to be 19.93±0.10 µmole of CDNB-GSH conjugate formed/ min/ mg of proteins. As far as the nonenzymatic biochemical assay is concerned, lipid peroxidation i.e. MDA content was found to be high i.e. 1.14 µ gram of malondialdehyde formed/ mg of proteins in the seeds of Momordica charantia at the 1.664mg/ml of concentration.

Conclusion: This can be concluded from the above studies that proteins of seeds of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum and Momordica charantia have shown antioxidant activity through various test like SOD, CAT, GST and MDA content therefore we suggest that these isolated protein mixture can be utilized as neuroprotective agent against neurological disorders.